Njira yolondola yosankhira masks azachipatala | JINHAOCHENG

Malinga ndi mphamvu yocheperako yosefera ya fyuluta
Zovala zophimba nkhope za ku America zimayesedwa ndi National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) chifukwa cha zinthu zawo zosefera komanso momwe zimasefera bwino. Muyezo wa American NIOSH 42CFR-84 ndi wodziwika bwino kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.

Malinga ndi fyuluta ya gawo lapakati la chigoba, pali mitundu itatu:

N imayimira Wosagonjetsedwa ndi mafuta, omwe angateteze ku tinthu topanda mafuta tomwe timapachikidwa. Mwachitsanzo, utsi wamafuta womwe umapangidwa pophika ndi tinthu tamafuta, pomwe madontho omwe amapangidwa ndi anthu olankhula kapena kutsokomola si mafuta. Kawirikawiri, tinthu topanda mafuta timatanthauza fumbi la malasha, fumbi la simenti, utsi wa asidi, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndi zina zotero. Mu kuipitsidwa kwa utsi komwe kulipo, tinthu tambiri tomwe timapachikidwa si mafuta. Tinthu tamafuta timatanthauza utsi wamafuta, utsi wamafuta, utsi wa asphalt, ndi zina zotero.
R imayimira Wosagonja ku mafuta, omwe amatha kuteteza tinthu topanda mafuta komanso tomwe timatuluka m'mafuta, koma akagwiritsidwa ntchito pa tinthu tamafuta, nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito siyenera kupitirira maola 8.
P imayimira Mafuta Oteteza, omwe amatha kuteteza ku tinthu topanda mafuta komanso tomwe timatuluka mu mafuta. Poyerekeza ndi mndandanda wa R, mndandanda wa P ungagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, kutengera chizindikiro cha wopanga.
Mwanjira imeneyi, n'zosavuta kumvetsetsa tanthauzo la chigoba cha N95. Chigoba cha N95 chimayesedwa ndi tinthu ta 0.3 micron sodium chloride, ndipo chiwopsezo cha chotchinga chiyenera kukhala choposa 95%. Nkhope ya wovala ikayesedwa kuti igwire bwino, zimatsimikiziridwa kuti mpweya ukhoza kulowa ndi kutuluka kudzera mu chigobacho pamene chili pafupi ndi m'mphepete mwa nkhope. Nambala ya satifiketi ya N95 yaperekedwa pa mayesowa.
KN ndi muyezo waku China, ndipo njira yake yopezera ndi yofanana ndi ya ku United States. Malinga ndi muyezo wa GB2626-2006 wa dziko langa, zophimba nkhope zimagawidwa m'magulu a KN ndi KP. KN zikutanthauza kuti zophimba nkhope ndizoyenera kusefa tinthu topanda mafuta, ndipo KP zikutanthauza kuti zophimba nkhope ndizoyenera kusefa tinthu topanda mafuta. Ndipo tinthu topanda mafuta. Nambala pambuyo pa chilembo imayimira mulingo woteteza wa chophimba nkhope, chiwerengerocho chikakhala chachikulu.
Kodi mulingo wotetezera uyenera kusinthidwa bwanji pakati pa masks atatu osiyanasiyana? Mwachionekere, EU FFP imatha kusefa tinthu tosakhala mafuta ndi tinthu tamafuta nthawi imodzi, pomwe N ndi KN ku United States ndi China zimatha kusefa tinthu tosakhala mafuta bwino.

Chifukwa chake, njira yawo yotetezera ndi iyi: FFP3>FFP2=N95=KN95>KN90

1. Zophimba nkhope zachipatala zachizolowezi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kutseka madontho otuluka mkamwa ndi m'mphuno, ndipo zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito posamalira ukhondo kamodzi kokha m'malo azachipatala wamba omwe ali ndi chitetezo chochepa. Ndizoyenera ntchito zonse zaumoyo, monga ukhondo, kukonza madzi, kutsuka mabedi, ndi zina zotero, kapena chotchinga kapena kuteteza tinthu tina osati tizilombo toyambitsa matenda monga mungu.
Ntchito yothandiza kwambiri ya masks 95 ndikuletsa ndikuwongolera kufalikira kwa matenda oopsa a kupuma, monga SARS kapena fuluwenza komanso kufalikira kwa kachilombo ka corona. Mutha kusankha masks olembedwa ndi KN95, N95, FFP2 ndi miyezo yapamwamba.
2. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti mkati mwa mitundu yomwe yatchulidwa kale, masks opangira opaleshoni si oipa kuposa masks a KN95/N95 popewa chimfine. Zhong Nanshan, mtsogoleri wa gulu la akatswiri apamwamba a National Health Commission polimbana ndi SARS, adatinso, "M'malo mwake, sikofunikira kuvala masks a N95. Masks wamba amatha kuletsa madontho ambiri a ma virus kuti asalowe m'njira yopumira ndikuletsa kachilombo ka corona. , Ndikofunikira kuvala mask." Chifukwa chake ngati simungathe kugula mask ya N95, mutha kusankha mask wamba.
5. Zophimba nkhope za KN95/N95 zimagawidwa m'magulu awiri, chimodzi ndi chopumira chachilengedwe ndipo china ndi chopumira fumbi.
Miyezo yawo yodzitetezera ndi yofanana, koma miyezo yogwiritsira ntchito ndi yosiyana. Muyezo wa masks oteteza ku matenda (medical KN95) ndi GB19083-2010 "Zofunikira Zaukadaulo pa Masks Oteteza Kuchipatala", zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale azachipatala ndi azaumoyo, monga malo opewera miliri, zipatala, ndi malo owongolera matenda. Chopumira fumbi (KN95) chimagwiritsa ntchito muyezo wa GB2626-2006 "Zida Zodzitetezera Kupuma Zomwe Zimadzipangira Zosefera Zotsutsana ndi Tinthu Tinthu Timeneti", zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale monga migodi ya malasha, kukonza mafuta, migodi ndi mabizinesi ena amakampani ndi migodi.
Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito pamalo wamba, mutha kusankha chigoba cha KN95 (kapena N95 ngati ndi muyezo waku America) cha GB2626-2006. Ngati ndi chipatala kapena kukhudzana ndi anthu omwe ali ndi kachilomboka, ndikofunikira kupewa kuuluka komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha madzi amthupi la wodwalayo kapena kutsanulira magazi. Ngati muli ndi kachilombo ka thovu, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito chigoba cha KN95 chomwe chimatsatira muyezo wa GB19083-2010.
Mwachidule, m'malo omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu, masks omwe angateteze matenda opumira ndi masks oteteza kuchipatala ndi masks ochitira opaleshoni yachipatala. Masks oteteza kuchipatala, omwe amadziwikanso kuti medical KN95, ndi oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ogwira ntchito zachipatala m'zipatala za malungo, m'zipinda zodzipatula, komanso odwala otsimikizika akasamutsidwa. Masks ochitira opaleshoni yachipatala ndi oyenera kuvala anthu omwe akukayikiridwa kuti ali ndi matenda. Amavalidwa ndi akuluakulu oyendetsa mayendedwe a anthu onse ndi okwera, ma taxi, oyendetsa galimoto, ogwira ntchito zaukhondo, ndi ogwira ntchito m'malo opezeka anthu ambiri.

Onetsetsani njira zodzitetezera pogwiritsa ntchito masks:

1. Ikagwiritsidwa ntchito poteteza tinthu tamafuta, nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito yosonkhanitsa ya kalasi R siipitirira maola 8 panthawi imodzi; nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito yosonkhanitsa ya kalasi P siipitirira maola 40, kapena nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito yosonkhanitsa imafika masiku 30 kuyambira pachiyambi, chilichonse chomwe chimabwera msanga.
2. Zophimba nkhope zoteteza sizingatsukidwe ndi madzi, chifukwa kusamba ndi madzi kudzawononga zinthu zosefera ndi kapangidwe ka chivundikirocho; ngati sichinaipitsidwe kapena kuonongeka, ndipo chikukwaniritsa zofunikira za ukhondo, chikhoza kuganiziridwa kuti chigwiritsidwenso ntchito.
3. Chigoba cha N95 si chizindikiro cha malonda kapena mtundu wa malonda. N95 ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri cha NIOSH (National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health) pamlingo woyenera wa kusefa kwa ma respirators oletsa tinthu tating'onoting'ono aku America. Mphamvu yosefa ya tinthu tating'onoting'ono (monga fumbi, utoto, asidi, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndi zina zotero) ndi osachepera 95%.
4. Chigoba chikagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri posefa, chimakhala cholimba kwambiri pokana kupuma. Chifukwa chake, kuvala chigoba cha N95 kwa nthawi yayitali sikwabwino kwa thupi, choncho musachivale kwa nthawi yayitali.
5. Ponena za kuchuluka kwa nthawi yosinthira chigoba, pakadali pano palibe mfundo yomveka bwino, ndipo dziko langa silinapange malamulo oyenera okhudza nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito chigoba. Ofufuza ena achita kafukufuku wofunikira pa momwe chitetezo chimagwirira ntchito komanso nthawi yovalira chigoba choteteza kuchipatala cha KN95. Zotsatira zake zikusonyeza kuti chigoba cha KN95 chimavalidwa kwa masiku awiri, mphamvu yosefera imakhalabe pamwamba pa 95%, mphamvu yopumira imasintha pang'ono, ndipo mphamvu yosefera imachepa kufika pa 94.7% mutavala kwa masiku atatu.