ʻO Polypropylene, i kapa ʻia ʻo PP, he resin thermoplastic i hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea maka no ka milo ʻana mai nā olonā synthetic, i loaʻa ma o ka polymerization o ka polypropylene allomorphic o propylene. Hana ʻia nā huahana o kēlā me kēia lā i ka polypropylene plastic, e like me nā pahu ʻaina awakea hoʻolei aniani, nā ipu microwave, kekahi mau kīʻaha haʻuki, a pēlā aku.
Ka mōʻaukala o ka polypropylene
I nā lā mua, hiki i ke ʻano polymerization o propylene ke loaʻa nā huahana lālā me ke kekelē haʻahaʻa o ka polymerization, he hui hoʻemi amorphous a ʻaʻohe waiwai pragmatic Kina.
I ka makahiki 1954,
Ua hana ʻo Ziegler lāua ʻo Natta i ka mea hoʻouluulu zieglei-natta a hana i ka polypropylene crystalline me ke ʻano hoʻonohonoho kiʻekiʻe, i ʻike ʻia ʻo ka polypropylene isomorphic piha a i ʻole ka polypropylene isotactic.
Ua wehe mau nā hopena noiʻi o kēia pukana i nā kuhikuhi hou i ke kahua o ka polymerization ʻike a ua kau i ke kumu no ka hoʻomohala ʻoihana nui o ka hiki ke hana polypropylene a me kāna hoʻohana ākea i ka hana ʻana a me ka hoʻokele ʻana i nā mea plastik a me nā huahana fiber ʻē aʻe ma Kina.
Ua hoʻomaka mua ʻia ka hana ʻoihana o ka polypropylene isostatic i ka makahiki 1957 e ka hui Italia ʻo Momecatini. Mai 1958 a 1960, ua hoʻohana ka hui i ka polypropylene no ka hana ʻana i ka fiber a ua hoʻomohala i ka fiber polypropylene, i kapa ʻia ʻo Meraklon, i hana ʻia hoʻi ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me Kanada.
I ka makahiki 1963,
Ua lanakila ʻo Polofesa Ziegler lāua ʻo Natta i ka Nobel Prize. Ma hope o 1964, ua hoʻomohala mākou i nā olonā kiʻiʻoniʻoni polypropylene no ke kāʻei ʻana a hana i nā olonā lole a me nā olonā kāpeti. I ka makahiki 1970, ua hoʻomaikaʻi ke kaʻina hana milo pōkole a me nā lako i ka ʻenehana hana o ka olonā polypropylene ma Kina.
Hiki ke hoʻohana mua ʻia ka interphase, bulk continuous filament (BCF) ma o nā kāpeti a me ka ʻoihana. I kēia manawa, 90% o nā uhi kāpeti o ka honua a me 25% o nā pale kāpeti i hana ʻia me nā olonā polyene.
I ka makahiki 1980,
Me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā ʻenehana hou no ka hana ʻana o nā polypropylene a me nā olonā polypropylene, ʻoiai nā mea hoʻouluulu metalliferous a me ka hana ʻana o cuminskine, ua hoʻomaikaʻi nui ʻia ke ʻano o nā resins polypropylene.
Ma muli o kona hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ʻana o ke ʻano maʻamau (me nā ʻano maʻamau like o 99.5%), ua hoʻomaikaʻi nui ʻia ke ʻano kūlohelohe o ka fiber polypropylene. I ka waena o nā makahiki 1980, ʻoiai, ua pani nā fiber polypropylene maikaʻi i kekahi mau fiber pulupulu, nā lole no nā textiles a me nā mea i ulana ʻole ʻia, nā fibers aniani i hoʻoikaika ʻia i ka sima ma kahi o ka pulupulu a i ʻole e nā fibers polypropylene i holomua nui.
Ua hoʻomaka ʻo ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me ʻEulopa Komohana e hoʻohana i ka ʻoihana kūkulu hale. Hoʻohui i nā mīkini milo BCF, nā mīkini kikokikona ea a me nā mīkini milo hui a me nā lole nonwoven a me ka ulu wikiwiki ʻana o kahi ʻanuʻu i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā wahi hoʻonaninani a me nā ʻoihana o ka polypropylene fiber i hoʻonui hou ʻia.
Ma waho aʻe o ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka fiber polypropylene ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, ua hana nui ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻenehana hana o ka fiber i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia, kahi i hoʻonui nui ai i ke kahua noi o ka fiber polypropylene. No ka mea, he maikaʻi nā waiwai mechanical o ka polypropylene Kina, ʻaʻohe ʻawahia, haʻahaʻa ka nui o ka waiwai pili, wela, a me ke kūpaʻa kemika;
Ua lilo ʻo Polypropylene i hoʻokahi o nā ʻoihana hoʻolālā huahana hou e ulu wikiwiki ana a ʻoi loa ka ikaika ma waena o nā resins synthetic kumu ʻelima kiʻekiʻe ma Kina ma muli o kona mau ʻano moʻomeheu e like me ka maʻalahi o ka hana ʻana, ʻenehana, prototyping a me ka hiki ke hoʻohana hou ʻia, a me kāna hana kiʻekiʻe a me ke kumukūʻai.
Hiki ke hoʻohana nui ʻia ka Polypropylene ma nā ʻano o ka ʻōpala meaʻai, nā mea pono o ka hale i kēlā me kēia lā, nā kaʻa, nā mīkini home, nā lole, ka mahiʻai, ka ʻoihana fiber kemika, nā lako lawelawe lapaʻau a me ka ʻoihana maʻamau.
I ka makahiki 2004,
Ua hōʻea ka mana hana polypropylene honua i 42080kt, a ʻo 12435kt ka huahana fiber, ma kahi o 31.7%, ʻo ko mākou ʻāina kekahi o nā ʻāina e ulu wikiwiki loa ana ka hoʻokele waiwai o ka hana polypropylene.
He aha ka pilina o ka polypropylene me ka lole i pīpī ʻia i ka heheʻe?
Hana ʻana i ulana ʻole ʻia me ka pīpī heheʻe
ʻO ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka ʻōpala (hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka puhi ʻana) he hana ulana ʻole ia i hoʻopuka ʻia e ka polymer. He mea kānana ia i hoʻomohala ʻia e ka US Navy i ka makahiki 1954 e hōʻiliʻili i nā ʻāpana radioactive mai nā hoʻāʻo nuklea. A laila ma kahi o 1965, ua hana ʻo exxon, 3M a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i ka hanauna mua o nā lako hana ulana ʻole i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka ʻōpala.
ʻO ke kumumanaʻo o ka nozzle hana hoʻolālā e hoʻopuka ana i ke kahe ʻana o ka ea wela i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia e ka polymer lahilahi i hoʻopuka ʻia e ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana me kahi wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe e hana i ka fiber superfine a i ʻole ka pale mesh o ka solidification o luna a me ka pahu hui.
ʻO nā mea hoʻohuihui fusion he mau lole i ulana ʻole ʻia i hana ʻia e ka fusion-spraying me ka mānoanoa mānoanoa, a ʻo ka hoʻonohonoho maʻamau a me ka interlayer o nā fibers e hana i kahi ʻōnaehana ʻikepili kahawai multi-bending o nā mea fusion-spraying. Ma kēia ala wale nō e hiki ai i nā ʻāpana (coronavirus hou e ka aerosol) ke hoʻoulu i ka hoʻokuʻi moʻomeheu me nā fibers ʻē aʻe a paʻa.
ʻO nā ʻano kānana o nā masks ʻokiʻoki he brown diffusion, interception, inertia collision, gravity deposition a me electrostatic adsorption. ʻO nā mea mua ʻehā he mau mea kino, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻo ka lole i ulana ʻole ʻia i hana ʻia e ke ʻano spray melting he ʻano kānana ma kahi o 35%; ʻAʻole kēia e hoʻokō i nā koi o nā masks ʻokiʻoki. Pono mākou e polarize i ka mea, e hoʻopiʻi ka fiber, a hopu i ka coronavirus hou i loko o ka aerosol me ka uila static.
He aha ka lole pīpī hoʻoheheʻe?
He ʻano lole ulana ʻole ia i puhi ʻia i ka heheʻe. ʻO ke kumu e ʻike pinepine ai ʻoe i ka inoa o ke kumuhana pale maka "melt spray" hou i ke kūkākūkā ʻana no ka mea ʻo ka hapa nui o nā pale maka e loaʻa ka pono kānana kiʻekiʻe e ka papa pīpī pīpī.
No laila, ʻaʻole pololei ka ʻōlelo a ke kumuhana, he ʻano mea aʻo ka polypropylene, a ʻo ka lole pīpī hoʻoheheʻe he ʻano lole ulana ʻole ia, ʻaʻole like nā mea ʻelua.
ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, aia kekahi pilina ma waena o nā mea ʻelua, ma kahi o 70% ~ 80% o ka mākeke i hana ʻia me ka polypropylene. ʻO nā masks maʻamau, hana ʻia me ka polypropylene. Akā ʻo ka mea mua, inā hana ʻia ka mask me ka polypropylene, ʻaʻole pono ke alo he papa pīpī hoʻoheheʻe ʻia.
ʻO ka lole pīpī i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka puʻuwai o ka pale maka
Hiki iā mākou ke hāʻawi i kahi laʻana, ʻo ka mask N95 no nā ʻoihana laulā e hoʻohana i kahi ʻano pūnaewele multi-layer, i kapa ʻia ʻo ka ʻano SMS: i loko a ma waho o nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o kahi papa spunbonded hoʻokahi (S); ʻO ka waena ka papa pīpī hoʻoheheʻe ʻia (M), kahi i māhele ʻia i hoʻokahi papa a i ʻole ma o nā papa he nui.
ʻO ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni helehelena Plane he PP spunbond melt spray PP spunbond maʻamau, hiki ke lilo i papa o ka fiber pōkole, i mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka pā ʻana o ka ʻili. ʻO nā masks goblet ʻekolu-dimensional he PET polyester needled cotton + fused spray + needled cotton a i ʻole PP spunbond.
Hoʻohana nui ʻia e hoʻokaʻawale i ka kulu o nā maʻi; ʻO ka lole ulana ʻole i mālama kūikawā ʻia he kānana maikaʻi, pale, insulation a me ka omo ʻana o ka aila, he mea nui ia no ka hana mask. ʻO ka papa o loko ka lole ulana ʻole maʻamau. ʻOiai ʻo ka papa spunbonded (S) a me ka papa spray fused (M) o ka mask he mau lole ulana ʻole i hana ʻia mai ka polypropylene, ʻokoʻa ke kaʻina hana.
I waena o lākou, ʻo nā pūnaewele fibrous spunbonded ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o nā ʻaoʻao o loko a me waho he mānoanoa ke anawaena, ma kahi o 20 microns ke anawaena. ʻO nā olonā papa fusion-spray waena he 2 microns wale nō ke anawaena a ua hana ʻia me kahi ʻenehana mea polypropylene composite i hiki ke kapa ʻia he mau olonā momona-fusion kiʻekiʻe.
Ma luna e pili ana i ka hoʻolauna ʻana o ka polypropylene spray heheʻe, he ʻoihana mākou i hana ʻia nā lole ulana ʻole, nā huahana: ulana nila i ka lole ulana ʻole,lole ulana ʻole i wili ʻia,lole geotextile i ulana ʻole ʻia, a pēlā aku, e ʻoluʻolu e kūkākūkā!~
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻApelila-14-2020