I-Polypropylene, ebizwa ngokuthi i-PP, iyi-resin ye-thermoplastic esetshenziswa njengezinto zokusetshenziswa zokuphotha kusuka kumafayibha okwenziwa, atholakala ngokuphotha i-polypropylene e-allomorphic ye-propylene. Imikhiqizo eminingi yansuku zonke yenziwe ngepulasitiki ye-polypropylene, njengebhokisi lesidlo sasemini elibonakalayo, izitsha ze-microwave, izinkomishi ezithile zemidlalo, njll.
Umlando we-polypropylene
Ezinsukwini zokuqala, indlela yokwenza i-polymerization ye-propylene ingathola kuphela imikhiqizo enamagatsha enezinga eliphansi le-polymerization, okuyi-compound enciphisayo engaguquki futhi engenalo inani elisebenzayo laseShayina.
Ngo-1954,
UZiegler noNatta basungula i-zieglei-natta catalyst futhi benza i-polypropylene ekristalu enesimo esijwayelekile sesakhiwo, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-polypropylene egcwele isomorphic noma i-polypropylene ye-isotactic.
Imiphumela yocwaningo yalolu daba ivule njalo iziqondiso ezintsha emkhakheni we-polymerization yolwazi futhi yabeka isisekelo sokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni okukhulu kwamandla okukhiqiza i-polypropylene kanye nokusetshenziswa kwayo kabanzi ekukhiqizweni nasekuphathweni kwezinto zepulasitiki neminye imikhiqizo yefayibha eShayina.
Ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni kwe-polypropylene e-isostatic kwaqala ukutholakala ngo-1957 yinkampani yase-Italy i-Momecatini. Kusukela ngo-1958 kuya ku-1960, inkampani yasebenzisa i-polypropylene ekukhiqizeni i-fiber futhi yathuthukisa i-polypropylene fiber, ebizwa ngokuthi i-Meraklon, nayo eyakhiqizwa e-United States naseCanada.
Ngo-1963,
UProfesa Ziegler noNatta bawine umklomelo weNobel. Ngemva kuka-1964, sathuthukisa imicu yefilimu ye-polypropylene yokubopha futhi senza imicu yendwangu kanye nezintambo zekhaphethi. Ngawo-1970, inqubo yokuphotha yebanga elifushane kanye nemishini kwathuthukisa ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza i-polypropylene fiber eShayina.
I-interphase, i-bulk continuous filament (BCF) ingasetshenziswa ekuqaleni ngamakhaphethi kanye nasembonini. Njengamanje, ama-90% ezimbozo zamakhaphethi emhlabeni kanye nama-25% amaveyili ekhaphethi enziwe ngemicu ye-polyene.
Ngo-1980,
Ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe obusha bokukhiqizwa kwemicu ye-polypropylene kanye ne-polypropylene, ikakhulukazi ama-catalyst e-metaliferous kanye nokusungulwa kwe-cuminskine, ikhwalithi yama-resin e-polypropylene ithuthuke kakhulu.
Ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo esijwayelekile esithuthukisiwe (konke ngokujwayelekile okufanayo okungu-99.5%), ikhwalithi yemvelo yefayibha ye-polypropylene ithuthuke kakhulu. Maphakathi nawo-1980, ikakhulukazi, imicu ye-polypropylene emincane yathatha indawo yemicu yekotoni, izindwangu zezindwangu kanye ne-nonwoven, imicu yengilazi eqinisiwe ekhonkrithi esikhundleni sekotoni noma ngemicu ye-polypropylene yenza intuthuko enkulu.
I-United States, iNtshonalanga Yurophu yaqala ukusebenzisa imboni yokwakha. Engeza imishini yokuphotha ye-BCF, imishini yokuthungwa komoya kanye nemishini yokuphotha ehlanganisiwe kanye nezindwangu ezingezona ezilukiwe kanye nentuthuko esheshayo yokuvela kwentuthuko yesinyathelo ekusetshenzisweni kwezindawo zokuhlobisa nezezimboni ze-polypropylene fiber yanda kakhulu.
Ngaphezu kocwaningo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwe-polypropylene fiber emhlabeni wonke, ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza i-fiber ehlukanisiwe kusebenza kakhulu, okuye kwandisa kakhulu insimu yokusetshenziswa kwe-polypropylene fiber. Ngoba i-polypropylene yaseShayina inezakhiwo ezinhle zemishini, ayinabo ubuthi, inenani eliphansi, inamandla okushisa, ukumelana namakhemikhali;
I-Polypropylene isibe enye yezinkampani zokuklama nokuthuthukisa imikhiqizo emisha ekhula ngokushesha futhi esebenzayo kakhulu phakathi kwama-resin amahlanu aphezulu okwenziwa asetshenziswa eShayina ngenxa yezici zayo zamasiko njengokulula kokucutshungulwa, ubuchwepheshe, ukwenziwa kweprototyping kanye nokusetshenziswa kabusha, kanye nokusebenza kwayo okuphezulu kanye nezindleko.
I-polypropylene ingasetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni yokupakisha ukudla, izidingo zansuku zonke zasekhaya, izimoto, izinto zasekhaya, izingubo, ezolimo, imboni yefayibha yamakhemikhali, imishini yezokwelapha kanye nemboni ejwayelekile.
Ngo-2004,
Umthamo wokukhiqiza we-polypropylene emhlabeni wonke ufinyelele ku-42080kt, phakathi kwawo umkhiqizo we-fiber ongu-12435kt, cishe u-31.7%, futhi izwe lethu likhiqiza i-polypropylene futhi lithuthukisa umnotho ngesivinini esisheshayo.
I-polypropylene ihlobene kanjani nendwangu ecibilikisiwe?
Ukukhiqizwa kwesifutho esincibilikisayo esingalukiwe
I-Melt spray (ukubumba okuncibilikisayo) inqubo engalukiwe ekhishwa yi-polymer. Kuyizinto zokuhlunga ezakhiwa yibutho lasolwandle lase-US ngo-1954 ukuze kuqoqwe izinhlayiya ezinemisebe ezivela ezivivinyweni zenuzi. Kwabe sekuthi cishe ngo-1965, i-exxon, i-3M kanye nabanye bakhiqiza isizukulwane sokuqala semishini engalukiwe ye-melt spray.
Isimiso sokucubungula i-nozzle orifice ukugeleza kwe-polymer encane yomoya oshisayo okhishwa ngokuncibilika kunesivinini esikhulu ukuze kwakheke i-fiber enhle kakhulu noma isikrini se-mesh sokuqina okuphezulu kanye nesigubhu esihlanganayo.
Izinto zokufutha nge-fusion ziyizindwangu ezingalukiwe ezikhiqizwa ngokufutha nge-fusion enobukhulu obukhulu, futhi ukuhlelwa okungahleliwe kanye nokwendlalelo kwezintambo kwakha isakhiwo sedatha yesiteshi esinezimbobo eziningi zezinto zokufutha nge-fusion. Kungale ndlela kuphela lapho izinhlayiya (i-coronavirus entsha nge-aerosol) zingadala ukungqubuzana kwamasiko nezinye izintambo futhi zibanjwe.
Izindlela zokuhlunga zemaski yokuhlinzwa ukusabalala okunsundu, ukuvalelwa, ukushayisana kwe-inertia, ukufakwa kwamandla adonsela phansi kanye nokumuncwa kwe-electrostatic. Ezokuqala ezine ziyizici zomzimba, okungukuthi, indwangu engalukiwe ekhiqizwa ngendlela yokufutha encibilikayo inesici sokuhlunga cishe ama-35%; Lokhu akuhlangabezani nezidingo zemaski yokuhlinzwa. Sidinga ukuhlukanisa izinto, sivumele i-fiber ishaje, futhi sibambe i-coronavirus entsha ku-aerosol ngogesi oqinile.
Iyini indwangu yokufutha encibilikayo?
Luhlobo lwendwangu engalukiwe encibilikisiwe. Isizathu sokuthi uvame ukubona igama lesihloko samuva se-"melt spray" esixoxwa ngaso ukuthi iningi lamaski lifinyelela ukusebenza kahle kokuhlunga ngesendlalelo se-spray spray.
Ngakho-ke, isitatimende sendaba asilungile, i-polypropylene uhlobo lwezinto zokufunda, kanti indwangu yokufafaza encibilikisiwe uhlobo lwendwangu engalukiwe, kusobala ukuthi lokhu kokubili akufani.
Eqinisweni, kukhona ubudlelwano obuthile phakathi kwalokhu okubili, cishe u-70% ~ 80% wemakethe wenziwe nge-polypropylene. Amamaski avamile, wonke enziwe nge-polypropylene. Kodwa okokuqala, uma imaski yenziwe nge-polypropylene, ukuba khona kwayo akulona ngempela ungqimba lokufafaza oluncibilikisiwe.
Indwangu yokufafaza encibilikisiwe iyinhliziyo yemaski
Singanikeza isibonelo, imaski ye-N95 yamabhizinisi ajwayelekile ukuze amukele isakhiwo senethiwekhi esinezingqimba eziningi, esibizwa ngokuthi isakhiwo se-SMS: ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwezinhlangothi ezimbili zengqimba eyodwa ene-spunbonded (S); Iphakathi nendawo yingqimba yokufutha encibilikisiwe (M), ngokuvamile ehlukaniswe ibe yingqimba eyodwa noma ngezingqimba eziningi.
Ifilimu yobuso be-plane ivame ukuba yi-PP spunbond melt spray PP spunbond, futhi ingaba ungqimba lwe-fiber emfushane, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuthintana kwesikhumba. Ama-goblet masks anobukhulu obuthathu ngokuvamile asetshenziswa njenge-PET polyester needled cotton + i-fused spray + i-needled cotton noma i-PP spunbond.
Isetshenziswa kakhulu ukuhlukanisa i-droplet yeziguli; Indwangu engalukiwe elashwe ngokukhethekile i-medium melt spray inokuhlunga okuhle, ukuvikela, ukuvikela kanye nokumuncwa kwamafutha, okuyizinto ezibalulekile zokusetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni imaski. Ingqimba yangaphakathi yindwangu evamile engalukiwe. Nakuba ungqimba olune-spunbonded (S) kanye nongqimba oluhlanganisiwe lwe-spray (M) yemaski kuyizindwangu ezingalukiwe ezenziwe nge-polypropylene, inqubo yokukhiqiza ihlukile.
Phakathi kwazo, amaseli e-spunbonded fibrous ezinhlangothini zombili zezinhlangothi zangaphakathi nezangaphandle aqinile ngobubanzi, angaba ama-microns angu-20 ububanzi. Imicu yengqimba ye-fusion-spray ephakathi ngokuvamile ingama-microns amabili kuphela ububanzi futhi yenziwe ngendlela ye-polypropylene composite material engabizwa ngokuthi imicu ye-fusion-fat ephezulu.
Ngaphezulu mayelana nokwethulwa kwe-polypropylene encibilikisayo, singabakhiqizi bezindwangu ezingezona ezilukiwe abangochwepheshe, imikhiqizo: indwangu engalukiwe yenaliti,indwangu engalukiwe ene-spoinbond,indwangu ye-geotextile engalukiwe, njll., wamukelekile ukubonisana!~
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-14-2020